Kwixesha eliqhutywa bubuchwephesha, apho imida yokuhlola kunye nokusebenza ngokuqhubekayo yandiswa, iteknoloji yokubona uxinzelelo idlala indima ebalulekileyo kwiindawo ezinzima. Ukugubungela uluhlu olubanzi lwemimandla ukusuka kubunzulu bolwandle ukuya kubukhulu bendawo, yenza ukuba iliso elichanekileyo eliphezulu kunye nolawulo oluyimfuneko ekuqinisekiseni impumelelo kunye nokhuseleko lwale mishini.
Enzulwini yolwandle, ubugcisa bokubona uxinzelelo abubeki esweni kuphela izinto ezenziwa yinyikima, iitsunami, kunye nezinto ezenzeka elwandle kodwa bukwalinganisa uxinzelelo kunye nobushushu obuphantsi kolwandle kuphononongo olunzulu lolwandle. Obu buchwephesha bunika izazinzulu ngedatha exabisekileyo, zibanceda baqonde iimpawu zokusingqongileyo kunye nokusasazwa kobutyebi bolwandle.
Kwindawo enkulu yesibhakabhaka, iteknoloji yokubona uxinzelelo ibaluleke ngokufanayo, eyenza ukuba i-spacecraft yenze ngokuchanekileyo ukulawula isimo sengqondo kunye nokulungiswa kwe-orbital phantsi kweemeko ezinzima. Umzekelo, kwimishini yokuhlola i-Mars, inokubeka iliso kwiinguqu zoxinzelelo ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwesiphekepheke kunye neempembelelo ze-micrometeorite, iqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo nozinzo lwesiphekepheke.
Eli nqaku lijonga imiceli mngeni ejongene netekhnoloji yokubona uxinzelelo kwiimeko ezinzima ezinje ngamaqondo obushushu aphezulu, uxinzelelo oluphezulu, ukubanda okugqithisileyo, kunye nemitha yemitha, kunye nendlela itekhnoloji ephucukileyo esetyenziswa ngayo ukoyisa le mingeni, ngelixa ijonge phambili kwizicelo zayo ezisebenzayo kunye nezinto ezinokwenzeka kwixesha elizayo. . Njengoko iteknoloji iqhubela phambili, iteknoloji yokubona uxinzelelo kulindeleke ukuba idlale indima ebanzi kwizicelo ezifana nokuphononongwa kolwandle olunzulu kunye nokuhlola i-Mars kwiindawo ezinzima, ukubonelela ngenkxaso eqinile yobugcisa ekuhloliseni abantu kunye nokuvulwa kwemimandla engaziwayo.
Ukuqhubela phambili kwiTekhnoloji yokubona uxinzelelo
Uphuhliso lweteknoloji yokuvavanya uxinzelelo luye lwahlala luhamba kunye nesidingo esiphuthumayo sezicelo kwiimeko ezinzima. Ingaba ijongene neendawo ezinqabileyo zokukhutshwa kweoli kunye negesi okanye ubushushu obuphezulu kunye nemingeni yoxinzelelo oluphezulu lweshishini le-aerospace, kukho imfuneko enkulu yemilinganiselo yoxinzelelo oluchanekileyo noluthembekileyo phantsi kwezi meko zinzima. Le mfuno iqhube inkqubela phambili ekhawulezayo yetekhnoloji ye-sensor, ekhokelela ekuphuhlisweni kwesizukulwana esitsha sezivamvo zoxinzelelo ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno zezicelo ezintsonkothileyo nezifunayo.
Ngeli xesha, izinto ezintsha kwisayensi yezinto zidlale indima ephambili kuyilo kunye nokwenziwa kwezinzwa zoxinzelelo. Izixhobo ezitsha ezichasene nobushushu obuphezulu, uxinzelelo oluphezulu, kunye nokugqwala, kubandakanywa neekeramics eziphambili, iialloys zetsimbi, kunye neepolymers, zisetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwimveliso yenzwa. Ezi zixhobo aziphuculi kuphela ukusebenza kwezinzwa kwiindawo ezigqithisileyo kodwa zandisa kakhulu ubomi bazo.
Ngaphaya koko, ukuqhubela phambili kwitekhnoloji ye-microfabrication kuvule amathuba amatsha okuvelisa amancinci amancinci, achanekileyo ngakumbi avavanya uxinzelelo. Ukusebenzisa iteknoloji ye-microfabrication, i-sensor kunye nezakhiwo ezincinci kunye nemisebenzi enzima inokuveliswa, kungekhona nje ukuphucula i-sensor sensitivity kunye nokuzinza kodwa kubenza bakwazi ukuhlangabezana ngcono neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zokulinganisa.
Olu phuculo lwetekhnoloji lukhokelele kwimpumelelo enkulu eliqela, kubandakanywa ukwanda okubalulekileyo kuluhlu lomlinganiselo, kunye nezivamvo zoxinzelelo zangoku ezikwaziyo ukugquma ukusuka kumanqanaba asezantsi evacuum ukuya kumanqanaba aphezulu kakhulu. Siyabulela kwinkqubela phambili kwizinto zesayensi kunye neenkqubo zokuvelisa, iinzwa zanamhlanje ziphuculwe kakhulu ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokuthembeka, ukubonelela ngedatha yokulinganisa echanekileyo kunye nezinzile. Ekugqibeleni, ukuphuhliswa kwetheknoloji ye-microfabrication kuye kwakhokelela ekunciphiseni ubungakanani benzwa kunye neendleko, ukuvumela ukuba i-sensor sensors isetyenziswe kuluhlu olubanzi lweenkalo, ngaloo ndlela inikezela ngenkxaso yobugcisa obuqinileyo kwimilinganiselo echanekileyo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ezinzima.
Usetyenziso kwiiNdawo eziBungqwabalala
Imekobume erhabaxa ibeka imiceli mngeni egqithisileyo kwizixhobo nakwizixhobo, eziphawulwa ngamaqondo obushushu agqithisileyo (aphezulu naphantsi), uxinzelelo olukhulu (olusuka kulwelo, kwiigesi, okanye kwizinto eziqinileyo), izinto eziyingozi (ezifana neeasidi, iialkali, iityuwa, kunye nezinye iikhemikhali), eziyingozi. imitha yemitha (esuka elangeni, amandla enyukliya, njl.njl.), kunye nokothuka okukhulu kunye nokungcangcazela (ukusuka kwiintshukumo zoomatshini okanye ukudubula). Kwiimeko ezinjalo, iinzwa zoxinzelelo zijongene nemingeni ebandakanya ukukhetha izinto ezinokumelana nokubola kunye nokugqoka, ukuqinisekisa ukutywinwa kwenzwa ukuthintela ukungena kwimidiya yangaphandle, kunye nokugcina ukuchaneka komlinganiselo kunye nokuthembeka phantsi kweemeko ezinzima eziqhubekayo.
Kuphononongo olunzulu lolwandle, izinzwa zoxinzelelo zisetyenziselwa imilinganiselo yoxinzelelo lolwandle ukufunda i-topography, isenzo senyikima, kunye neetsunami, ukubeka iliso kwindlela yokuphila yaselwandle, kunye nokubeka iliso kwimeko yezixhobo zemigodi enzulu yolwandle kunye nemibhobho. Ezi zicelo zifuna abenzi boluvo ukuba bamelane noxinzelelo olugqithisileyo kunye neendawo ezinobungozi ngelixa zibonelela ngedatha echanekileyo.
Intsimi ye-aerospace nayo ixhomekeke kwiinzwa zoxinzelelo ukuze zibeke iliso kuxinzelelo kunye nobushushu beenjini zeenqwelo-moya ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lokubhabha; lawula izimo zengqondo zesiphekepheke emajukujukwini; kunye nokulinganisa ubude kunye nesantya sesathelayithi. Ezi zicelo zifuna ukuba abenzi boluvo bangamelani namaqondo obushushu agqithisileyo kunye noxinzelelo kodwa bachaneke kakhulu kwaye bathembeke.
Ukongeza, izivamvo zoxinzelelo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekubekeni iliso kwimozulu egqithileyo, kubandakanywa ukujongwa kwesaqhwithi (ukulinganisa isantya somoya kunye noxinzelelo), ukwenzeka kwentaba-mlilo kunye nokujongwa kwenyikima, kunye nokufumanisa ukuvuza kwemitha yenyukliya. Ezi zicelo zifuna abenzi boluvo ukuba basebenze ngokuzinzileyo phantsi kweemeko ezigqithisileyo zokusingqongileyo, ukubonelela ngokhuseleko olubalulekileyo kunye nolwazi olulumkiso kwangethuba.
Ngokubanzi, ukusetyenziswa kweenzwa zoxinzelelo kwiindawo ezinzima kubonisa ubugcisa obuphambili ekukhethweni kwezinto eziphathekayo, ukutywinwa, kunye nokuzinza, ukubonelela ngenkxaso eyimfuneko kwiindawo eziphambili ezifana nokuhlola ulwandle olunzulu, i-aerospace, kunye nokubeka iliso kwimozulu embi kakhulu.
Imingeni kunye namathuba
Imingeni yokusiNgqongileyo kunye neMpembelelo yabo kwiTekhnoloji yokubona uxinzelelo
Imingeni yokusingqongileyo ithatha indawo ephambili ekusebenziseni iteknoloji yokubona uxinzelelo, ifuna iinzwa ukugcina ukuchaneka kunye nokuzinza phantsi kweemeko ezinzima. Izinto ezinjengokuguquguquka kweqondo lokushisa, iindawo ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu, ukubola kweekhemikhali, kunye nokungcangcazela koomatshini kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kwenzwa. Ukuthomalalisa ezi zinto, uthotho lwamanyathelo athathiweyo, kubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwemathiriyeli ene-coefficients yobushushu obuphantsi obufana neekeramics, iialloyi zetsimbi, kunye nesilicon yekristale enye, ukwamkela ubuchule bembuyekezo yobushushu, ukongeza uyilo lolwakhiwo lwenzwa ukuze kuphuculwe ukutywinwa kwayo. kunye namandla, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezikwaziyo ukumelana nomhlwa kunye nobuchwepheshe bokugquma komhlaba.
Kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa, ezifana nokutsalwa kweoli kunye negesi, i-aerospace, kunye necandelo lezonyango, izixhobo ezikhethekileyo kunye noyilo zisetyenziselwa ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezizodwa zokusingqongileyo. Umzekelo, kwishishini leoli kunye negesi, ejongene namaqondo obushushu aphezulu, uxinzelelo oluphezulu, kunye nemithombo yeendaba ezonakalisayo, ubushushu obukhethekileyo obuphezulu, uxinzelelo oluphezulu, kunye noyilo lwezixhobo ezinganyangekiyo kwi-corrosion, ezifana nezinzwa zoxinzelelo lwe-ceramic kunye ne-titanium alloy casings, ziyafuneka. ukhetho. Ngokufanayo, kwintsimi ye-aerospace, ngokuqwalasela ubushushu obuphantsi, ukungcangcazela okuphezulu, kunye nokusingqongileyo kwemitha kwiindawo eziphakamileyo, abenzi boluvo zisebenzisa iqondo lobushushu eliphantsi, ukushukuma, ukumelana nezixhobo kunye noyilo oluchasene nemitha, njenge-crystal-crystal silicon sensor sensors kunye noxinzelelo. iiteknoloji zokutywina ezikhethekileyo. Kwicandelo lezonyango, i-sensor biocompatibility iba yingqwalasela enkulu, ngoko ke izixhobo ezinokusebenza kakuhle kwe-biocompatibility ezifana nensimbi engenasici kunye neepolymers zisetyenziswa.
Njengoko izixhobo ezitsha, uyilo, kunye neenkqubo zokuvelisa ziqhubeka ziphuhliswa kwaye zisetyenziswa, iteknoloji yokubona uxinzelelo ngokuthe ngcembe iyoyisa le mingeni, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwayo kwiindawo ezinzima kuya kusanda. Oku akuphuculi kuphela ukusebenza kwenzwa kunye nokuthembeka kodwa ikwabonelela ngenkxaso eyomeleleyo yokuqhubela phambili kwiinkalo ezifana ne-oyile kunye negesi yotsalo, ukuhlola i-aerospace, kunye nokubeka iliso kunyango. Inkqubela phambili yezobuchwephesha yenza ukuba itekhnoloji yokuva uxinzelelo isebenze kwiindawo ezinemfuno engaphezulu, inegalelo kuphuhliso loluntu.
Kwindaleko eqhubekayo yetekhnoloji yokubona uxinzelelo, ukuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha, ukulungiswa koyilo, ukuqhubela phambili kwesoftware kunye ne-algorithm, kunye nokuphuculwa kokusebenza kwamandla kuye kwaba ziindawo eziphambili. Ngokwenza izinto ezintsha ezinokumelana namaqondo obushushu aphezulu, uxinzelelo oluphezulu, umhlwa, kunye nemitha, enje ngeekeramics, ialloys zesinyithi, kunye neepolymers, ukuqina kwenzwa kunye nokuguquguquka kuye kwaphucuka kakhulu. Ngaphaya koko, iindlela zokuguqula umphezulu wezixhobo ezitsha kunye nophuhliso lwezixhobo ezihlanganisiweyo zisebenzisa i-nanotechnology ziye zaphucula ngakumbi ukuxhathisa kokunxiba kunye nokumelana nokubola, ngelixa zikwaphucula amandla oluvo, ukuqina, kunye novelwano.
Ukulungiswa kuyilo kubaluleke ngokulinganayo, kunye neteknoloji ye-microfabrication ayinciphisi kuphela ubungakanani benzwa kodwa iphucula uvakalelo kunye nesantya sokuphendula. Uyilo oluphuculweyo lwesakhiwo luphucule uxinzelelo lwenzwa kunye nokumelana nokungcangcazela, ngelixa itekhnoloji yokutywina ephuculweyo ikhusela ngokufanelekileyo ukungena kwemidiya yangaphandle, iqinisekisa ukuchaneka kwenzwa kunye nokuzinza.
Ukuqhubela phambili kwisoftware kunye neealgorithms zikwabalulekile ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kwenzwa. Ukuphuhliswa kwe-algorithms yembuyekezo yobushushu obuphezulu, i-algorithms yokulinganisa i-self-calibration, kunye ne-data fusion algorithms ayipheli kuphela impembelelo yokutshintsha kweqondo lokushisa ekuchanekeni komlinganiselo kodwa iphucula ukuchaneka komlinganiselo wenzwa, ukuzinza kunye nokuthembeka. Ngaphezu koko, ukuphuculwa kokusebenza kakuhle kwamandla, ngokusetyenziswa koyilo lwesekethe yamandla aphantsi, itekhnoloji yokuvuna amandla, kunye nophuhliso lweendlela zokulala, kunciphise kakhulu ukusetyenziswa kwamandla enzwa, ukwandisa ubomi babo.
Isishwankathelo, ngokuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha, ukuyila, isoftware, i-algorithms, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwamandla, itekhnoloji ye-sensor yoxinzelelo iqhubela phambili ngokuqhubekayo ukuqhelanisa noluhlu olubanzi lweenkalo zesicelo kunye neemeko zokusingqongileyo ezifuna ngakumbi. Kungakhathaliseki ukuba kwiinkalo ze-oyile kunye ne-gas extraction, ukuhlola i-aerospace, okanye ukubeka iliso kwezonyango, ezi zinto zintsha ziqinisekisa ukuba i-sensors inokusebenza ngokuchanekileyo nangokuthembekileyo kwiindawo eziphakamileyo, ukubonelela ngesiseko esiqinileyo sobugcisa bokuhlola abantu kunye nophuhliso lwemimandla engaziwayo.
Ikamva elizayo
Uphuhliso lwexesha elizayo lwetekhnoloji yokubona uxinzelelo lujolise kwiinkalo ezininzi eziphambili, ezijolise ekuphuculeni ngokuqhubekayo ukusebenza ngokubanzi, ukuthembeka, kunye nokuguquguquka kweenzwa. Okokuqala, ukuphuculwa komsebenzi kubandakanya ukwandisa ukuchaneka kwenzwa, uvakalelo, kunye nesisombululo, ukwandisa uluhlu lwayo lokulinganisa kunye nokuzinza, ngelixa kugxininise ekunciphiseni ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye neendleko zokuvelisa. Okwesibini, ukuqinisa ukuthembeka kwenzwa kuthetha ukuphucula ukuqina kwayo phantsi kweemeko ezinzima ezifana nokushisa okuphezulu, uxinzelelo oluphezulu, i-corrosion, kunye ne-radiation, ngelixa iphinda ikhulise ukuxhathisa ukungcangcazela, ukothuka, kunye nokunxiba, ukwandisa ixesha lokuphila kwayo. Ukongezelela, ukuphucula i-sensor adaptability kubandakanya ukuphuhlisa i-sensor ezithile kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zesicelo, ukwazisa iimpawu ezihlakaniphile ezifana nokuzixilonga kunye nemisebenzi yokuzilinganisa, kunye nokufezekisa amandla okunxibelelana kwe-wireless kunye nenethiwekhi.
Intsebenziswano yamacandelo ahlukeneyo, ngakumbi ukudityaniswa kweenkalo ezifana ne-nanotechnology, isayensi yezinto eziphathekayo, kunye nobukrelekrele bokwenziwa, kulindeleke ukuba ibe ngundoqo ekuqhubeni inkqubela phambili kwitekhnoloji yokubona uxinzelelo. Ukudityaniswa kobu buchwepheshe akuyi kuphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kwenzwa kunye nokusebenza kodwa kuya kuvula imimandla emitsha yesicelo.
Ngokubhekiselele kwizicelo ezizayo, izinzwa zoxinzelelo ziya kudlala indima ebaluleke ngakumbi kwi-oyile kunye negesi yotsalo, ukuphononongwa kwe-aerospace, ukuxilongwa kwezonyango kunye nonyango, kunye nokubeka iliso kokusingqongileyo phakathi kweenkalo ezininzi ezibalulekileyo. Ziya kusetyenziswa kwiindawo ezingqongqo, uphononongo lwendawo eyongezelelekileyo, uxilongo lwezonyango oluchane ngakumbi kunye neendlela zonyango, kunye nokubekwa kweliso okubanzi kokusingqongileyo kunye neenkqubo zokulumkisa kwangoko.
Ngokubanzi, iteknoloji yokubona uxinzelelo ikwinqanaba lophuhliso olukhawulezayo, kunye nombono obanzi. Njengoko izinto ezintsha zobuchwepheshe ziqhubeka ziqhubela phambili kwaye imimandla yesicelo iyaqhubeka nokwandisa, iinzwa zoxinzelelo zilindeleke ukuba zidlale indima ebalulekileyo ekuthinteleni iintlekele zendalo, ukuqhubela phambili kwiinkalo zonyango kunye nempilo, kunye nezicelo ezihlakaniphile ezifana nezindlu ezihlakaniphile, izixeko ezihlakaniphile, kunye nokuqhuba ngokuzimeleyo. Isishwankathelo, iteknoloji yokubona uxinzelelo iya kuzisa izinto ezintsha kunye nenkqubela phambili kwintlalo yoluntu, ebonisa amandla ayo angenasiphelo kunye nexabiso.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-29-2024